Nonlinear processes reinforce extreme Indian Ocean Dipole events

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Nonlinear processes reinforce extreme Indian Ocean Dipole events

Under global warming, climate models show an almost three-fold increase in extreme positive Indian Ocean Dipole (pIOD) events by 2100. These extreme pIODs are characterised by a westward extension of cold sea surface temperature anomalies (SSTAs) which push the downstream atmospheric convergence further west. This induces severe drought and flooding in the surrounding countries, but the process...

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The Indian Ocean has sustained robust surface warming in recent decades, but the role of multidecadal variability remains unclear. Using ocean model hindcasts, characteristics of low-frequency Indian Ocean temperature variations are explored. Simulated upper-ocean temperature changes across the IndianOcean in the hindcast are consistent with those recorded in observational products and ocean re...

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1 Geophysical Fluid Dynamics Institute, Florida State University, Tallahassee, Florida, USA 2 Department of Aerospace Engineering Sciences, University of Colorado, Boulder, Colorado, USA 3 Department of Mathematics, Burapha University, Thailand Received: 26 March 2008 – Accepted: 8 April 2008 – Published: 9 June 2008 Correspondence to: J. Brown ([email protected]) Published by Copernicus Publ...

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July droughts over Homogeneous Indian Monsoon region and Indian Ocean dipole during El Niño events

The monthly summer monsoon rainfall over the Homogeneous Indian Monsoon region (HI) that represents most of the variance of all-India monsoon rainfall is investigated using observational data from 1880 to 2002. Severe droughts in July occur mostly during El Niño events of the boreal summer monsoon season. They occurred frequently in the late 19th to early 20th century, rarely in the middle of t...

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Here we show that the characteristics of the Indian Ocean Dipole (IOD), such as its power spectrum and phase relationship with the El Niño–Southern Oscillation (ENSO), can be succinctly explained by ENSO combination mode (C-mode) wind and heat flux forcing together with a seasonal modulation of the air/sea coupled Indian Ocean (IO) Bjerknes feedback. This model explains the observed high-freque...

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ژورنال

عنوان ژورنال: Scientific Reports

سال: 2015

ISSN: 2045-2322

DOI: 10.1038/srep11697